Laws of robotics:-

Laws of Robotics are a set of laws, rules, or principles, which are intended as a fundamental framework to underpin the behavior of robots designed to have a degree of autonomy. Robots of this degree of complexity do not yet exist, but they have been widely anticipated in science fiction, films and are a topic of active research and development in the fields of robotics and artificial intelligence.

Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics:

The best known set of laws are Isaac Asimov's "Three Laws of Robotics". These were introduced in his 1942 short story "Runaround", although they were foreshadowed in a few earlier stories.

1.            A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.

2.            A robot must obey any orders given to it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.

3.            A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.

EPRSC / AHRC principles of robotics

In 2011, the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPRSC) and the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC) of Great Britain jointly published a set of five ethical "principles for designers, builders and users of robots" in the real world, along with seven "high-level messages" intended to be conveyed, based on a September 2010 research workshop.

*Robots should not be designed solely or primarily to kill or harm humans.

*Humans, not robots, are responsible agents. Robots are tools designed to achieve human goals.

*Robots should be designed in ways that assure their safety and security.

*Robots are artifacts; they should not be designed to exploit vulnerable users by evoking an emotional response or dependency. It should always be possible to tell a robot from a human.

*It should always be possible to find out who is legally responsible for a robot.

*The messages intended to be conveyed were:

*We believe robots have the potential to provide immense positive impact to society. We want to encourage responsible robot research.

*Bad practice hurts us all.

*Addressing obvious public concerns will help us all make progress.

*It is important to demonstrate that we, as roboticists, are committed to the best possible standards of practice.

*To understand the context and consequences of our research, we should work with experts from other disciplines, including: social sciences, law, philosophy and the arts.

*We should consider the ethics of transparency: are there limits to what should be openly available?

*When we see erroneous accounts in the press, we commit to take the time to contact the reporting journalists.

AIonAI (artificial intelligence-on-artificial intelligence) Law:-

In 2013 Hutan Ashrafian at Imperial College London, proposed an additional law that considered the role of artificial intelligence-on-artificial intelligence or the relationship between robots themselves – the so-called AIonAI law. This law states:

All robots endowed with comparable human reason and conscience should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Why Asimov's Three Laws Of Robotics Can't Protect Us:-

As late as 1981, Asimov himself believed that they could actually work. Writing in Compute!, he noted that,

I have my answer ready whenever someone asks me if I think that my Three Laws of Robotics will actually be used to govern the behavior of robots, once they become versatile and flexible enough to able to choose among different courses of behavior. My answer is, "Yes, the Three Laws are the only way in which rational human beings can deal with robots — or with anything else.